Past perspectives in research areas refer to the historical context and previous studies that have shaped the current understanding of a particular topic. This includes looking at the theories, methodologies, and findings from previous research in order to build upon existing knowledge and further advance the field. By examining past perspectives, researchers can gain insights into the evolution of a research area, understand the key debates and controversies that have shaped the field, and identify gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed in future studies. This helps to provide a solid foundation for new research and contributes to the overall advancement of knowledge in that particular area.